{"id":3783,"date":"2023-01-26T11:30:49","date_gmt":"2023-01-26T11:30:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.imv-imaging.com\/?post_type=learning-resource&#038;p=3783"},"modified":"2023-04-18T03:07:45","modified_gmt":"2023-04-18T03:07:45","slug":"equine-chronic-interstitial-pneumonia","status":"publish","type":"learning-resource","link":"https:\/\/www.imv-imaging.com\/en\/academy\/equine-chronic-interstitial-pneumonia\/","title":{"rendered":"Equine chronic interstitial pneumonia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>A case study detailing the symptoms of chronic interstitial pneumonia alongside the use of radiography and ultrasonography. For veterinary use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 16-month-old, 300kg Arabian filly presented with a four week history of apparent anhydrosis and generalised loss of body condition despite increased nutritional intake. On clinical examination, the filly was pyrexic (39.0\u00b0C), tachycardic (68 beats\/min and tachypnoeic (30 breaths\/min). Thoracic auscultation revealed the presence of crackles and wheezes diffusely across all lung fields bilaterally. The filly also displayed a marked increase in respiratory effort with a significant abdominal component.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/www.imv-imaging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/picture1-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14114\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Fig. 1: Lateral radiographic view of the dorsal midthorax. A generalised,<br>nodular interstitial pattern is evident. Indistinct individual nodules may be<br>identified (arrowheads), however these appear to be coalescing<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"382\" src=\"https:\/\/www.imv-imaging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/picture2-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14118\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Fig. 2: Transverse ultrasound image of the lungs. A focal, 1-cm diameter,<br>hypoechoic, subpleural nodule is visible (arrowheads)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Thoracic radiography<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The left lateral thoracic radiograph is characterised by a severe, generalised, coalescing, nodular interstitial pattern.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Thoracic ultrasonography<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ultrasound examination of the thorax revealed the presence of numerous hypoechoic nodules deep to the visceral pleura.<br>On the basis of the history, clinical examination and diagnostic imaging findings, a diagnosis of severe interstitial pneumonia was made. The owner declined further diagnostics and treatment and opted for euthanasia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Post-mortem findings<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On post-mortem examination, multiple, cream coloured, subpleural nodules were visible on gross visual examination of all lung lobes. The cut surface of the lung revealed multiple, spherical, well-circumscribed, firm nodules distributed throughout the pulmonary parenchyma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Histopathological examination of multiple lung sections confirmed the diagnosis of chronic, diffuse interstitial pneumonia. No causative organism was identified histologically and culture of swabs taken during post-mortem examination failed to identify any significant pathological organism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Successful treatment of chronic interstitial pneumonia in the foal with broad-spectrum antibiotics and corticosteroids has been previously described. However, adult horses affected with chronic interstitial pneumonia typically respond poorly to treatment due to the presence of secondary fibrosis.<br>This condition has been termed equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis (EMPF) and is thought to be associated with equine herpesvirus type 5 infection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/media\/1409\/picture3.png?width=359&amp;height=492\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>References<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Palgrave KA, Palgrave CJ, Rhoads WS and Voges AK. What is your diagnosis? Interstitial pneumonia.J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008 Sep 1;233(5):711-2<br>Wong DM, Belgrave RL, Williams KJ, Del Piero F, Alcott CJ, Bolin SR, Marr CM, Nolen-Walston R, Myers RK and Wilkins PA.<br>Multinodular pulmonary fibrosis in five horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008 Mar 15;232(6):898-905<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/media\/7863\/signupcta.png?width=363&amp;height=134\" alt=\"sign up\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a title=\"Newsletter sign up\" href=\"43235}\" target=\"_top\" rel=\"noopener\" data-id=\"43235\"><strong><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14109,"menu_order":448,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":""},"modality_lr":[],"format_lr":[],"category_lr":[135],"clinical_application_lr":[131],"class_list":["post-3783","learning-resource","type-learning-resource","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","clinical_application_lr-thorax"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Equine chronic interstitial pneumonia | IMV Imaging<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how IMV Imaging&#039;s advanced diagnostic tools can aid in the identification and treatment of equine chronic interstitial pneumonia. 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