{"id":11667,"date":"2023-01-26T13:04:04","date_gmt":"2023-01-26T13:04:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.imv-imaging.com\/?post_type=learning-resource&p=11667"},"modified":"2023-04-18T23:26:30","modified_gmt":"2023-04-18T23:26:30","slug":"farm-identification-of-twins-in-cows","status":"publish","type":"learning-resource","link":"https:\/\/www.imv-imaging.com\/world\/academy\/farm-identification-of-twins-in-cows\/","title":{"rendered":"Identification of twins in cows"},"content":{"rendered":"

You can optimize herd management decisions through the early detection of twins.<\/p>\n

Cows carrying twins can be more prone to abortion, dystocia, and post-partum problems such as a retained placenta. <\/span><\/h3>\n

Therefore, the early identification of twin<\/span> pregnancies<\/span> <\/span>is important as <\/span>additional monitoring can be instigated and management of the individual cow carrying twins can be changed before, during and following parturition.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Using ultrasound to correctly identify twin pregnancies relies on a thorough examination of the entire reproductive tract. This includes evaluation of the ovaries for evidence of multiple corpora lutea (Figure 1.)<\/span>.<\/span> If multiple corpora lutea are <\/span>found,<\/span> then special care should be taken to evaluate the uterus for evidence of twins. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Figure 1. <\/span>Two C<\/span>orpora <\/span>L<\/span>utea<\/span> on One Ovary. In this image of an ovary, two C<\/span>orpora <\/span>L<\/span>utea<\/span> are present, indicating that a double ovulation has occurred.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"twins\" <\/span><\/p>\n

By evaluating the uterus using ultrasound, twin <\/span>fetuse<\/span>s may be identified (Figure 2.) and fetal viability can be assessed through visualisation of the fetal heartbeat and examination of the fetal membranes and fluids<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

\"twins\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Figure <\/span>2<\/span>. Twin Pregnancy. In this image two separate fetuses can be seen.<\/span>
\n <\/span><\/p>\n

Ultrasound examination of the fetal membranes may also reveal the presence of a \u201ctwin line\u201d. This represents the shared <\/span>chorioallantoic<\/span> membrane between the two fetuses and appears <\/span>as <\/span>a hyperechoic line that can be traced away from one or both fetuses (Figure 3.).<\/span> If a twin line is present, then a thorough examination for twins should be undertaken. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

\"twins\" <\/span><\/p>\n

Figure 3. Twin Line. In this ultrasound image, a twin line can be visualise<\/span>d moving away from the <\/span>fetus<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Where twins are identified, it is important to follow up any initial evaluation with a further examination after day 60 of gestation. This <\/span>allows further assessment of fetal viability and helps establish if loss of one or both fetuses has occurred. By confirming the twin pregnancy at this stage, the timing of drying off can be decided and arrangements for feeding at drying off can be made.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Further Reading<\/span> <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

DeC\u00f4teaux<\/span> L.,<\/span> <\/span>Colloton<\/span> J.<\/span>, <\/span>Gayrard<\/span> V.,<\/span> Picard-Hagen N.<\/span> <\/span>(2010)<\/span> Chapter 6: Bovine Pregnancy<\/span> <\/span>In: <\/span>Practical Atlas of Ruminant and Camelid Reproductive Ultrasonography<\/span>., Eds: <\/span>DeC\u00f4teaux<\/span> L., <\/span>Gnemmi<\/span> G., <\/span>Colloton<\/span> J.  1<\/span>st<\/span><\/span> <\/span>Edn<\/span>., Wiley-Blackwell, Iowa, pp 81 – <\/span>99<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00f3pez-<\/span>Gatius<\/span> F., Andreu-V\u00e1zquez C., Mur-<\/span>Novales<\/span> R., Cabrera V.E., Hunter R.H.F. (2017) <\/span>The dilemma of twin pregnancies in dairy cattle. A review of practical prospects<\/span>. <\/span>Livestock Science<\/span>. <\/span>197<\/span>:<\/span> <\/span>12-16<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14030,"menu_order":401,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":""},"modality_lr":[],"format_lr":[],"category_lr":[],"clinical_application_lr":[],"class_list":["post-11667","learning-resource","type-learning-resource","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nIdentification of twins in cows | IMV imaging<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Identification of twins in cows | IMV imaging\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imv-imaging.com\/world\/academy\/farm-identification-of-twins-in-cows\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta 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